• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Prefabricated lightweight joist (1) for the construction of concrete floors, the joist (1) comprising an elongated duct (2) for receiving concrete, the joist (1) further comprising an elongated truss structure (5) formed by an elongated upper bar (6) connected by a frame (7) to two elongated lower bars (8a, 8b), in which the two elongated lower bars (8a, 8b) are mechanically anchored inside the elongated sheath (2 ), in which each of the opposite side walls (4a, 4b) of the elongated sleeve (2) is provided with an elongated groove (9a, 9b), and in which the two lower elongated bars (8a, 8b) are mechanically anchored inside the elongated sheath (2) by extending at least one anchor plate (10) between the elongated grooves (9a, 9b) so that the at least one anchor plate (10) is provided between the two lower elongated bars (8a, 8b) and the upper elongated bar (6).
    公开号:BE1027279B1
    申请号:E20205368
    申请日:2020-05-27
    公开日:2021-04-20
    发明作者:Bernard Cosnier
    申请人:Briqueteries De Ploegsteert；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Prefabricated lightweight beam improved for the construction of.
    Technical Field The present invention relates to a prefabricated lightweight joist for the construction of concrete floors. The invention further relates to an intermediate structure and a concrete floor comprising the prefabricated lightweight joists. The invention further relates to a method of manufacturing the prefabricated lightweight joists.
    STATE OF THE ART The manufacture of concrete floors, for example extending between multiple supporting walls of a construction such as a building, is known in the prior art. The conventional method comprises as a first step providing a plurality of elongated joists extending in a longitudinal direction, each joist comprising an elongate sleeve having a substantially U-shaped cross section bounded by a bottom wall and two side walls. opposites, and an elongated trellis structure formed by an elongated upper bar connected by a frame to two elongated lower bars, wherein the two lower elongated bars are positioned within the elongated sleeve along the longitudinal direction. The plurality of joists are positioned parallel to each other on the support walls, for example with their longitudinal ends, in particular with the longitudinal ends of their elongated truss structure, supported by stacked support walls. Vertical loads exerted on the joists are supported by vertical load supporting means such as opposing support walls and such as temporary shoring posts supporting the elongated shaft at discrete positions along the longitudinal direction. A space is left between adjacent parallel joists, which space is then bridged by positioning interjoists such as honeycomb slabs between two adjoining joists.
    The interjoists are generally supported by the free ends of the side walls of the elongated sheath of two neighboring beams. The joists supported inter alia on the support walls and the interjoists supported on the side walls of the elongated ducts together form an intermediate structure which remains as such for a substantial amount of time, in other words until in a manufacturing step. final, concrete is poured over the intermediate structure to create the final concrete floor. This intermediate structure of joists and interjoists must however be mechanically stable before pouring concrete, in other words it must be able to support substantial weights, for example of building workers walking on the intermediate structure. I! It is therefore important that the two lower elongated bars are mechanically anchored to the elongated sheath before pouring concrete on the intermediate structure. By mechanically anchoring the two lower elongated bars in their elongated sheath, the weight exerted on the interjoists is firmly supported by the vertical load support means via the elongated truss structure, substantially independent of the vicinity of the vertical load support means at the top. vertical load application position.
    In the state of the art, the two lower elongated bars are mechanically anchored in the elongated duct by pre-filling the elongated duct with concrete so as to surround the two lower elongated bars with concrete, which after hardening forms a joist. mechanically stable. I! However, it is desirable to prefabricate the joists, for example in a factory, and transport the prefabricated joists to the construction site where the concrete floor is to be built. Prefabricated joists are particularly desirable in order to reduce construction times.
    Prefabricated joists in which concrete is pre-filled in the elongated shaft are, however, impractical, since concrete significantly increases the weight of the precast joists. These heavy prefabricated joists are expensive to transport from the factory to the place of construction, and are particularly difficult to install, that is, to lift the joists to the position where they are supported by opposing support walls.
    In the prior art, it is further known to provide a lightweight prefabricated joist. Such a joist is disclosed in patent publication WO2016005679. These lightweight joists are not pre-filled with concrete, making them easier to transport and install. These lightweight beams are further provided with at least one spacer extending between the lower wall of the elongated duct and the two lower elongated bars, so as to elevate the two lower elongated bars relative to the lower wall to ensure that the two elongated lower bars can be optimally surrounded by a filling material such as concrete. Prior art spacers are for example designed as clamping elements configured to receive and clamp the two elongated lower bars. In particular, the clamping element in the patent publication WO2016005679 is called “connecting wedge 5”. However, it has been found in the present invention that the intermediate structures formed by the lightweight prefabricated joists of the prior art substantially lack mechanical stability. It has been found in particular that there is a risk that, during the vertical load of the intermediate structure, in particular of an interjoist of the intermediate structure, for example by a building worker standing on an interjoist, the free ends of the elongated shaft sidewalls supporting the loaded interjoist are flexed towards the loaded interjoist, to such an extent that the elongated lower bars closest to the interjoist are released from the spacer such as the clamp member, thereby decreasing the mechanical stability of the intermediate structure. In the state of the art, in particular in the patent publication WO20160056759, it has been attempted to solve the lack of mechanical stability of the intermediate structure by pre-filling the elongated sheath with a light filling material such as polyurethane that surrounds the two lower elongated bars.
    Detailed Description of the Invention The aim of the present invention is to provide a lightweight prefabricated joist for the manufacture of a concrete floor in which the problem of mechanical stability in particular of the intermediate structure, as encountered in the state of the technique, in particular in patent publication WO20160056759, is solved. Therefore, the present invention provides a lightweight prefabricated joist according to the first claim. The prefabricated lightweight joist for the construction of concrete floors according to the present invention comprises an elongated sleeve for receiving concrete, wherein the elongated sleeve extends along a longitudinal direction. The elongated sleeve has a substantially U-shaped cross section bounded by a bottom wall and two opposing side walls. Each of the walls of the elongated sheath extends in particular along the longitudinal direction. The U-shaped cross section is preferably taken along a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. The joist further comprises an elongated truss structure, in particular extending in the longitudinal direction. The lattice structure is formed by an elongated upper bar connected by a frame, for example a sinusoidal frame, to two elongated lower bars, for example by forming a triangular structure in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. The lattice structure is preferably a metal structure, for example comprising steel. The two lower elongated bars are mechanically anchored within the elongated sleeve along the longitudinal direction. Each of the opposite side walls of the elongated sheath is provided therein with first anchoring means, preferably comprising an elongated groove, in other words elongated along the longitudinal direction. The beam further comprises at least one anchoring plate, for example arranged to engage with the first anchoring means, preferably arranged to engage with the elongated grooves provided in the opposite side walls of the elongated sheath. Each anchoring plate comprises for example 5 second anchoring means complementary to the first anchoring means, the second anchoring means preferably comprising first and second opposite edges, forming projections adapted to be inserted into the elongated grooves. provided in the opposite side walls of the elongated sheath. The two lower elongated bars of the elongated mesh are located inside the elongated sheath between the lower wall of the elongated sheath and the first anchoring means such as preferably the elongated grooves. The two elongated lower bars are mechanically anchored inside the elongated sheath by extension of the at least one anchoring plate between the first anchoring means such as preferably the elongated grooves for example provided in the opposite side walls. of the elongated sleeve, so that at least one anchor plate is provided between the two lower elongated bars and the upper elongated bar. The anchoring plate, for example, interconnects the first opposed anchoring means, for example interconnects the elongated grooves in the opposite side walls of the elongated sheath.
    It has been found that the joist of the present invention gives the desired mechanical stability to the intermediate structure resulting from joists and interjoists, while limiting the weight of the joists thus allowing easier transport between the factory where the joists are prefabricated and the place of construction, and allowing easier use of the prefabricated joists at the place of construction such as easy mounting of the prefabricated joists on the vertical load bearing means. It has been found in particular that the elongated shaft side walls of the joists of the present invention, when assembled in the intermediate structure comprising parallel and interjoist joists supported on the free ends of the side walls of adjacent parallel joists, have a limited tendency to fall apart. bend towards the loaded interjoist, thus limiting the risk that the elongated lower bars are released from the elongated sheaths, thus limiting the risk of mechanical instability of the intermediate structure. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the free ends of the side walls adjacent to the loaded belly cannot flex towards each other because the anchor plate, being interconnected to the two opposite side walls of the elongated sleeve , acts as a spring opposing the bending of the free end of the side wall.
    Another advantage of the present invention is, in particular were spacers such that clamping elements are provided, such as the clamping elements disclosed in WO2016005679, that the at least one anchor plate provides additional security means, for example maintaining mechanical stability even when elongated lower bars are unintentionally released from the clamps.
    Another advantage of the present invention is that elongated ducts of the lightweight prefabricated joists of the present invention do not need to be filled with a filling material such as concrete or polyurethane in order to impart mechanical stability to the joists and intermediate structures. This has the advantage that the elongated duct can be filled with concrete in the final stage of manufacturing the concrete floor, namely when concrete is poured over the intermediate structure. The concrete which surrounds the two lower elongated bars in the elongated sheath is therefore substantially monolithic with the concrete remaining in the concrete floor such as the concrete provided on the interjoists. Providing a monolithic concrete structure greatly increases the mechanical stability of the concrete floor compared to concrete floors comprising pre-filled joists such as pre-filled with concrete or pre-filled with polyurethane joists.
    In concrete floors comprising pre-filled joists, an interface layer is present between the pre-filled material and the concrete which is poured during the final fabrication step.
    It has been found that this interface layer is particularly prone to the formation of cracks under excessive mechanical stress, for example during bending of the joist due to vertical loads applied to it. It has been found in particular that cracks tend to form in the interface layer when the concrete floor is subjected to fire, due among other things to the bending of the joists due to the thermal expansion of the structure. latticework.
    In addition, it has been found that many lightweight filler materials such as polyurethane which are used for pre-filling joists have low fire resistance and are therefore subject to rapid mechanical degradation in the event of fires.
    Particularly in the case of joists which are pre-filled with polyurethane, it has been found that the polyurethane quickly succumbs to fire, leaving the truss structure unsupported and accessible to fire, causing rapid collapse of the concrete floor. 1 has been found that concrete floors comprising the lightweight prefabricated joists according to the present invention have increased resistance to residential fires, for example covering at least 60 minutes.
    In addition, it has been found that fluids such as water, as well as moisture, for example caused by a leak, tend to penetrate the concrete floor along the interface layer, thereby subjecting the structure. lattice to corrosion over time.
    This corrosion of the truss structure considerably reduces the mechanical stability of joists and intermediate components in the state of the art.
    Another advantage of the present invention is that the type and / or the number of anchor plates can be easily changed, for example increased, even after the fabrication of the joists, for example until pouring of concrete in the last stage of construction. manufacturing.
    In particular, it has been found that an additional anchor plate, for example of a different type than the anchor plates already attached to the elongated sheath, can be easily attached to the first anchoring means of the elongated sheath such as elongated grooves provided in the opposing side walls of the elongated sheath. Attaching an additional anchor plate, for example, does not require removal of the elongated mesh and / or other anchor plates from the elongated sheath. Changing the quantity and / or type of anchor plates can for example be carried out on the building site, for example taking into account changed load requirements for joists.
    According to one embodiment of the present invention, Vau minus one anchor plate comes into contact with the two elongated lower bars. A vertical load applied to an interjoist in the intermediate structure would push the liner down. Therefore, the interconnected anchor plates are also pushed down due to the vertical load. Since the anchor plates are placed on top of the two lower elongated bars, the anchor plates will be supported by the elongated truss structure, thus preventing further downward movement of the liner.
    The elongated truss structure therefore effectively transfers the vertical load to the vertical load supporting means.
    According to one embodiment of the present invention, the elongated sheath has a direction of height, preferably perpendicular to the lower wall, in other words when the lower wall is flat. The elongated sheath further has a width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and to the height direction, that is, extending between the opposing side walls of the sheath. The two lower elongated bars are mechanically anchored within the elongated duct by eliminating the translational degrees of freedom along the height direction, for example preventing at least separation of the duct and the elongated trellis structure on along the height direction.
    According to one embodiment of the present invention, the elongated sheath is provided with spacers attached to the bottom wall, wherein the spacers maintain the two lower elongated bars at an elevated position relative to the bottom wall. The provision of spacers allows the concrete to better surround the two lower elongated bars when pouring concrete in the final stage of concrete floor fabrication. For example, the component referred to as "laison wedge 5 in patent publication WO2016005679 can be provided as a spacer. Preferably, the spacers are arranged to accommodate different types of truss structures, ie both truss structures having elongated lower bars with large diameters and truss structures having elongated lower bars with small diameters.
    According to one embodiment of the present invention, the two elongated lower bars are mechanically anchored within the elongated sheath by further elimination of the translational degrees of freedom along the height direction, preferably by providing the spacers coming from. meshed with the lower elongated bars. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the two elongated lower bars are mechanically anchored inside the elongated sheath by further elimination of all the degrees of freedom of rotation. The present embodiment is preferably obtained by providing at least two non-axially positioned spacers, in other words by providing at least one spacer for each elongated lower bar.
    According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first anchoring means, preferably the elongated grooves such as the elongated groove provided in each side wall, extend parallel to one another substantially in the longitudinal direction, preferably along substantially the entire length of the elongated sheath, for example along the entire length of the elongated sheath. The provision of first parallel anchoring means facilitates engagement with the anchoring plate.
    Preferably, the first anchoring means are provided inside the sheath, in other words not a surface of the side wall outside the sheath.
    Preferably, the first anchoring means are provided adjacent to the free ends of the side wall, thereby optimally preventing bending of the side walls towards the adjacent loaded interjoist.
    According to one embodiment of the present invention, multiple anchor plates are provided along the longitudinal direction.
    Preferably, the multiple anchor plates are separated from each other along the longitudinal direction so as to allow pouring of concrete into the elongated sleeve in the final manufacturing step to fabricate the concrete floors.
    According to one embodiment of the present invention, the anchor plate has a width extending between a first edge and a second opposing edge, a thickness extending between a first major surface and a second opposing major surface, and a thickness extending between a first major surface and an opposing second major surface. a depth extending between a third edge and an opposite fourth edge, in which the width is greater than the depth, and in which the depth is greater than the thickness.
    Preferably, the second anchoring means are provided along the first and second edges of the anchoring plates.
    Preferably, the first and second edges are the second anchoring means, in other words form protrusions arranged to engage within the elongate grooves provided in the side walls of opposing sheaths.
    In this case preferably the thickness of the anchor plate, at least adjacent to the first and second edges, is substantially equal, for example only slightly greater than, the height of the opening of the elongated grooves so that the plate d The anchor can be fitted securely into the elongated grooves.
    According to one embodiment of the present invention, the anchoring plate is movable between a first position in which the second anchoring means provided on the anchoring plate come into engagement with the first anchoring means of the side walls, and a second position in which the second anchoring means provided on the anchoring plate are released from the first anchoring means of the side walls.
    Preferably, the anchor plate can be moved from the second position to the first position, as well as from the first position to the second position, ie the anchor plate is releasably engaged with the sheath.
    The provision of releasably connected anchor plates makes it easy to adjust the space between the anchor plates, e.g. made at the construction site, e.g. taking into account changed load requirements for joists.
    According to a first implementation of the present embodiment, the anchoring plate is rotatable between a first position in which the second anchoring means provided on the anchoring plate come into engagement with the first anchoring means of the walls. side, and a second position in which the second anchoring means provided on the anchoring plate are released from the first anchoring means of the side walls.
    Preferably, the anchor plate is rotatable between a first position in which the first edge and the second opposite edge of the anchor plate engage the opposing elongate grooves of the side walls, and a second position in which the first edge and the second opposite edge of the anchor plate are clear of the opposing grooves of the side walls.
    According to an alternative or complementary implementation of the present embodiment, the anchor plate can be flexed along its depth direction between a first position in which the anchor plate is substantially unflexed so that second means anchoring provided on the anchoring plate engage with the first anchoring means of the side walls, and a second position in which the anchoring plate is substantially flexed so that the second anchoring means provided on the anchor plate are released from the first anchoring means of the side walls. Preferably, the anchor plate can be flexed along its depth direction between a first position in which the anchor plate is substantially unflexed such that the first edge and the opposite second edge of the anchor plate engage with opposing elongate grooves in the side walls, and a second position in which the anchor plate is substantially flexed such that the first edge and the opposite second edge of the anchor plate are clear of the opposing grooves in the walls lateral.
    According to an embodiment of the present invention, in particular were the first anchoring means are elongated grooves for example penetrating into the side wall in the width direction of the sheath and extending along the longitudinal direction along of the sheath, the perpendicular distance between the bottoms of the opposing elongated grooves defines an inter-groove width. The bottoms of the elongated grooves are for example the positions along the width direction where the groove stops. The inter-groove width is preferably substantially constant along the longitudinal direction of the sheath. The width of the anchor plate is preferably equal to or greater than the inter-groove width. The width of the anchor plate is preferably substantially equal, for example only slightly greater than the inter-groove width, so that the anchor plate can be fitted securely into the elongated grooves.
    According to one embodiment of the present invention, the anchor plate is provided with a protrusion extending from at least one of, preferably both, major surfaces of the anchor plate in the direction of height of. the anchor plate, in which the protrusion is provided with a tunnel extending in the depth direction of the anchor plate, in which the tunnel is configured to receive a third elongated lower bar. The third elongated lower bar is preferably a metal bar and preferably extends substantially parallel to two inner elongated bars of the truss structure. The third elongated lower bar is preferably inserted into the tunnels after all of the anchor plates are attached to the sheath.
    According to one embodiment of the present invention, the anchor plate is a substantially flat plate. The anchor plate, for example, is not curved. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the anchor plate includes substantially flat end sections near the first edge and the opposite second edge, and a substantially flat middle section between the end sections, in which the middle section forms a plateau elevated from the end sections, and in which the middle section is arranged to contact the two lower elongated bars. Preferably, the first and second end sections of the anchor plate are arranged symmetrically with respect to each other. The present embodiment has the particular advantage that an anchor plate can be used for different types of truss structures, in other words for truss structures having elongated bottom bars of large and small diameters. By simply flipping the anchor plate, for example so that the main surface of the anchor plate that previously faced the bottom wall of the duct is now facing the elongated top bar, the distance between the top plate being raised of the anchor plate and the bottom wall can be adapted. When a truss structure with small diameter elongated bars is used, the anchor plate may for example be provided with the raised plate bulging towards the bottom wall of the duct, so as to ensure that the anchor plate comes in. grip and therefore mechanically anchors the two elongated lower bars of the trellis structure. When a truss structure with large diameter elongated bars is used, for example, the anchor plate can be turned over with the raised top domed away from the bottom wall of the duct, such as the two elongated bottom bars. of the lattice structure to be placed between the anchor plate and the lower wall / or in other words the spacers provided on the lower wall. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the elongated sheath walls, for example the bottom wall and the opposite side walls, are made of a heat-insulating material, preferably of a heat-insulating plastic material. The present embodiment has the advantage that the joist provides thermal insulation, without requiring the provision of other insulating material such as polyurethane foam inside the sheath. The sheath according to the present invention, as opposed to conventional metal sheaths, does not form a cold bridge. The present invention therefore makes it possible to create a monolithic concrete floor, due to the absence of pre-filling of the sheath, while ensuring sufficient thermal insulation.
    According to one embodiment of the present invention, the two elongated lower bars are substantially surrounded by air. When transporting joists from the factory to the construction site, their sheaths are not filled, in particular are not filled with concrete or polyurethane foam. The joists of the present invention are therefore lightweight prefabricated joists, which are mechanically stable when assembled in an intermediate structure and which make it possible to provide a concrete floor where the concrete is substantially monolithic.
    According to one embodiment of the present invention, the beam is provided with at least one support element at each of its longitudinal ends. The support member has an upper surface on which rest the two lower elongated bars of the truss structure. The support member is further provided with a lower surface resting on the support wall of the construction such as the building. The support element for example transfers vertical loads from the trellis structure to the support wall of the construction, allowing the sheath to be optimally released from the vertical load transmission to the support wall. The support member is preferably attached to the truss structure, for example by welding or clamping the support member to the two elongated lower bars.
    Another object of the present invention is to provide an intermediate structure comprising at least two lightweight prefabricated beams as described above, and in which an interjoist is supported by free ends of the side wall of the elongated ducts of neighboring beams. In the intermediate structure, the joists are supported by vertical load support means such as opposing support walls of the construction and optionally temporary shoring posts. The intermediate structure is not yet fitted with concrete. Concrete is poured in the final manufacturing step to create the concrete floor.
    According to one embodiment of the present invention, the two lower elongated bars in the intermediate structure are substantially surrounded by air.
    Another object of the present invention is to provide a concrete floor comprising at least two prefabricated lightweight joists as described above, and in which an interjoist is supported by the free side wall ends of the elongated ducts of neighboring joists, and in which concrete has been poured on the joists and Ventrevous so as to substantially surround the elongated bars of the trellises of each joist. The concrete floor according to the present invention is a monolithic concrete structure, in which no interface layer is present between the concrete provided in the sheath and the concrete provided on the interjoists.
    Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing the prefabricated lightweight joist as described above. The method comprises the following steps of: "providing the elongated liner, the elongated truss structure and at least one anchor plate," placing the two lower elongated bars of the elongated truss structure between the bottom wall of the elongated sheath and the first anchoring means, preferably the elongated grooves, - mechanical anchoring of the elongated lattice structure on the elongated sheath by coupling the second and first anchoring means, preferably by inserting the plate d 'anchoring in the elongated grooves so that the anchor plate extends between the elongated grooves, preferably so that the anchor plate is placed between the two lower elongated bars on the one hand and the elongated upper bar on the one hand. 'somewhere else.
    According to an embodiment of the method of the present invention, the step of mechanically anchoring the elongated lattice structure on the elongated sheath comprises the rotation of Pau minus one anchoring plate from the second position to the first position.
    Figures Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a joist according to one embodiment of the present invention.
    Figure 2 shows a perspective view of an intermediate structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
    FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of an anchoring plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
    Figures 4 and 5 show a joist according to one embodiment of the present invention, in which two different types of truss structures are anchored to the duct.
    Description of the Figures The present invention will be described with reference to particular embodiments and with reference to certain drawings, but the invention is not limited thereto but only by the claims. The drawings described are only schematic and are not exhaustive. In the drawings, the size of some items may be exaggerated and not drawn to scale for illustrative purposes. Dimensions and relative dimensions do not necessarily correspond to actual reductions in practice of the invention.
    In addition, the terms first, second, third and the like in the description and in the claims, are used to distinguish like elements and not necessarily to describe a sequential or chronological order. The terms are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances and embodiments of the invention may operate in sequences other than those described or illustrated herein.
    In addition, the various embodiments, although referred to as "preferred" should be interpreted as exemplary embodiments in which the invention can be implemented rather than limiting the scope of the invention.
    The term "comprising", used in the claims, should not be interpreted as restricted to the elements or steps listed below; it does not exclude other elements or steps. I! shall be interpreted as specifying the presence of the indicated characteristics, integers, steps or components as designated, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other characteristics, integers, steps or components, or groups of these. Therefore, the scope of the expression "a device comprising A and B" should not be limited to devices consisting only of the components A and B, rather with respect to the present invention, the only listed components of the device are A and B, and further the claim is to be interpreted as including equivalents of these components.
    The figure | shows a perspective view of a joist 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
    Joist 1 is a prefabricated lightweight joist 1 for the construction of concrete floors.
    The joist 1 comprises an elongated duct 2 for receiving concrete, the elongated duct 2 extending along a longitudinal direction, the elongated duct 2 having a substantially U-shaped cross section bounded by a lower wall 3 and two. opposite side walls 4a, 4b.
    The elongated side walls 4a, 4b extend along a height direction from the bottom wall 3 to a free end 24a, 24b.
    The free ends 24a, 24b of the side walls 4a, 4b are arranged to, in use, support interjoists.
    The beam 1 further comprising an elongated wire mesh structure 5 formed by an elongated upper bar 6 connected by a V-shaped frame, in other words a frame, to two elongated lower bars 8a, & b.
    Each of the opposing side walls da, 4b of the elongated sleeve 2 is provided with a first anchoring means comprising an elongated groove 9a, 9b extending in the longitudinal direction adjacent to the free ends 24a, 24b of the side walls 4a, 4b .
    The joist 1 further comprises multiple anchor plates 10 arranged to mitigate the separation of the duct 2 and the truss structure 5 along the height direction.
    Therefore, the two lower elongated bars 8a, 8b of the elongated mesh 5 are located inside the elongated sheath 2 between the lower wall 3 of the elongated sheath 2 and the elongated grooves 9a, 9b.
    The two elongated lower bars Sa, 8b are mechanically anchored inside the elongated sheath 2 by extension of the multiple anchor plates 10 between the elongated grooves 9a, 9b so that the multiple anchor plates 10 are provided between them. two elongated lower bars Sa, 8b and the elongated upper bar 6. The two elongated lower bars 8a, 8b are raised relative to the lower wall 3 of the sheath 2 by a set of spacers 11.
    Figure 2 shows a perspective view of an intermediate structure 22 according to one embodiment of the present invention. The intermediate structure 22 comprises multiple two prefabricated lightweight joists 1 such as joists 1 shown in Figure 1. Multiple interjoists 23 are supported by the free side wall ends 24a, 240 of the elongate ducts 2 of neighboring joists 1. At their longitudinal ends, the joists 1 are supported on opposing support walls of the construction, for example of the building. A concrete floor can be formed by pouring concrete over the intermediate structure 22. Figure 3 shows a perspective view of an anchor plate 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention, for example as used in the joists 1 of Figure 1 or 2. The anchor plate 10 has a width extending between a first edge 12 and a second opposite edge 13, a thickness extending between a first major surface 14 and a second major surface 15, and a depth extending between a third edge 16 and a fourth opposite edge 17. The width is greater than the depth, and the depth is greater than the thickness. The first and second edges 12, 13 are the second anchoring means, in other words form projections arranged to engage inside the elongated grooves 9a, Sb provided in the side walls of opposed sheaths 4a, 4b. The anchor plate 10 is provided with two protrusions 18a, 18b each extending from the main surfaces 14, 15 of the anchor plate in the height direction of the anchor plate 10. Each protrusion 18a, 18b is provided with a tunnel 19a, 19b extending in the depth direction of the anchor plate 10. The tunnel 19a, 19b is configured to receive a third elongated metal lower bar. Anchor plate 10 includes substantially wound end sections 20b, 20a near first edge 12 and opposite second edge 13, and a substantially flat middle section 21 between end sections 20a, 20b.
    The middle section 21 forms a high plateau relative to the end sections 20a, 20b.
    The middle section 21 is arranged to come into contact with the two elongated lower bars 8a, 8b.
    The present embodiment has the particular advantage that an anchor plate 10 can be used for different types of lattice structures 5, in other words for lattice structures 5 having elongated bottom bars 8a, 8b of large and small diameters. as shown respectively in Figures 4 and 5. By simply turning over the anchoring plate 10, for example so that the main surface 15 of the anchoring plate 10 which previously faced the lower wall 3 of the sheath 2 is now facing the upper elongated bar 6, the distance between the anchor plate 10 and the lower wall 3 can be adjusted.
    When a truss structure 5 with elongated bars of small diameter Ba, Sb is used, as shown in Fig. 5, the anchor plate 10 may for example be provided with the elevated plate 21 bulging towards the bottom wall 3 of the sheath 2, so as to ensure that the anchor plate 10 engages and therefore mechanically anchors the two elongated lower bars 8a, 8b of the truss structure 5. When a truss structure 5 with elongated bars of large diameter Ba, 8b is used, as shown in figure 4, the anchor plate 10 can for example be turned over with the raised plate 21 convex opposite the lower wall 3 of the sheath 2, so that the two bars lower elongated 8a, 8b of the lattice structure 5 can be placed between the anchor plate 10 and the spacers 11 provided on the lower wall 3.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    1. Prefabricated lightweight joist (1) for the construction of concrete floors, the joist (1) comprising an elongated sleeve (2) for receiving concrete, the elongated sleeve (2) extending along a longitudinal direction , the elongated duct (2) having a substantially U-shaped cross section bounded by a bottom wall (3) and two opposing side walls (4a, 4b), the joist (1) further comprising an elongated truss structure (5) ) formed by an elongated upper bar (6) connected by a frame (7) to two elongated lower bars (8a, 8b), in which the two lower elongated bars (8a, 8b) are mechanically anchored inside the sheath elongated (2) along the longitudinal direction, characterized in that each of the opposed side walls (4a, 4b) of the elongated duct (2) is provided with an elongated groove (9a, 9b), in which the joist ( 1) further comprises at least one anchor plate (10), in which the two x elongated bottom bars (8a, 8b) of the elongated mesh (5) are located inside the elongated sleeve (2) between the bottom wall (3) of the elongated sleeve (2) and the elongated grooves (9a, 9b ), and in which the two lower elongated bars (8a, 8b) are mechanically anchored inside the elongated sheath (2) by extension of the at least one anchoring plate (10) between the elongated grooves (9a , 9b) so that the at least one anchor plate (10) is provided between the two elongated lower bars (8a, 8b) and the elongated upper bar (6) and so that the attachment of an anchor plate Additional does not require removal of the elongated mesh and / or other anchor plates, from the elongated duct.
    [2]
    2. Prefabricated lightweight beam (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the at least one anchor plate (10) contacts the two elongated lower bars (8a, 8b).
    [3]
    3. Prefabricated light beam (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the elongated duct (2) has a direction of height, and a direction of width perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and to the direction of height, in which the two lower bars elongated (8a,
    8b) are mechanically anchored inside the elongated sheath (2) by eliminating the translational degrees of freedom along the height direction.
    [4]
    4. Prefabricated light beam (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the elongated sheath (2) is provided with spacers (11) fixed to the bottom wall (3), wherein the spacers (11) hold the two lower bars. elongated (8a, 8b) at an elevated position relative to the bottom wall (3).
    [5]
    A prefabricated lightweight beam (1) according to any preceding claim wherein the elongated grooves (9a, 9b) run parallel to each other substantially in the longitudinal direction, preferably along substantially the entire length. of the elongated sheath (2).
    [6]
    A prefabricated lightweight beam (1) according to any preceding claim, wherein the anchor plate (10) has a width extending between a first edge (12) and a second opposing edge (13), a width extending between a first edge (12) and an opposing second edge (13). thickness extending between a first major surface (14) and an opposing second major surface (15), and a depth extending between a third edge (16) and a fourth opposite edge (17), wherein the width is more greater than the depth, and in which the depth is greater than the thickness.
    [7]
    7. Prefabricated light beam (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the anchor plate (10) is rotatable between a first position in which the first edge (12) and the second opposite edge (13) of the plate. anchor (10) engage the opposing elongate grooves (9a, 9b) of the side walls (4a, 4b), and a second position in which the first edge (12) and the second opposite edge (13) of the plate d 'anchors (10) are released from the opposing grooves (9a, 9b) of the side walls (4a, 4b).
    [8]
    8. Prefabricated light beam (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the perpendicular distance between the bottoms of the opposing elongated grooves (9a, 9b) defines an inter-groove width, wherein the inter-groove width is substantially. constant along the longitudinal direction, and in which the width of the anchor plate (10) is equal to or greater than the inter-groove width.
    [9]
    9. A prefabricated light beam (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 6 - 8, wherein the anchor plate (10) is provided with a projection (18a, 18b) extending from at least one of the surfaces. main (14, 15) of the anchor plate (10) in the height direction of the anchor plate (10), in which the protrusion (18a, 18b) is provided with a tunnel (19a, 19b) extending in the depth direction of the anchor plate (10), in which the tunnel (19a, 19b) is configured to receive a third elongated lower bar.
    [10]
    10. A prefabricated lightweight joist (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 6 - 9, wherein the anchor plate (10) comprises substantially flat end sections (20a, 20b) near the first edge (12). ) and the second opposite edge (13), and a substantially flat middle section (21) between the end sections (20a, 20b), in which the middle section (21) forms a raised plateau relative to the end sections (20a, 20b), and in which the middle section (21) is arranged to come into contact with the two lower elongated bars (8a, 8b).
    [11]
    11. Prefabricated lightweight beam (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the walls (3, 4a, 4b) of the elongated sheath (2) are made of a heat-insulating material, preferably of a thermo-insulating plastic material.
    [12]
    12. Intermediate structure (22) comprising at least two prefabricated light beams (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which an interjoist (23) is supported by the free ends of the side wall (24a, 24b) of the sheath. elongated (2) of neighboring beams (1).
    [13]
    13. A concrete floor comprising at least two prefabricated light beams (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 - 11, in which an interjoist (23) is supported by the free ends of the side wall (24a, 24b) of the ducts. elongated (2) of neighboring joists (1), in which concrete has been poured over the joists (1) and the interjoists (23) so as to substantially surround the elongated bars (6, 8a, 8b) of the trusses (5) of each joist (1).
    [14]
    14. A method of manufacturing the prefabricated lightweight joist (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 - 11, the method comprising the following steps of: * providing the elongated sheath (2), the elongated truss structure (5) and at least one anchor plate (10), * placement of the two lower elongated bars (8a, 8b) of the elongated trellis structure (5) between the lower wall (3) of the elongated sheath (2) and the elongated grooves (9a, 9b), mechanically anchoring the elongated lattice structure (5) to the elongated sheath (2) by inserting the anchor plate (10) into the elongated grooves (9a, 9b) so that the anchor plate (10) extends between the elongated grooves (9a, 9b).
    [15]
    15. Method according to the preceding claim, for the manufacture of the prefabricated lightweight joist (1) according to claim 7, wherein the step of mechanically anchoring the elongated truss structure (5) on the elongated sheath (2) comprises rotating at least one anchor plate (10) from the second position to the first position.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    BE1027279A1|2020-12-08|
    FR3096701A1|2020-12-04|
    EP3744919A1|2020-12-02|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE896999C|1951-08-25|1953-11-16|Betonwerke Mutter & Schuessler|Lattice girders as reinforcement of a reinforced concrete rib ceiling|
    FR2918087A1|2007-06-28|2009-01-02|Daniel Fouet|Integral beam support for e.g. floor, has metallic twists extended at end of frame at sufficient distance such that twits are folded and used as anchorage in walls, where frame supports steel plate on which foundation slabs are placed|
    WO2013019134A1|2011-08-03|2013-02-07|Milan Kekanovic|Building structure of pre-cast monolithic walls and interfloor slabs|
    FR3023312B1|2014-07-07|2017-11-03|Isoltop|POUTRELLE FOR MAKING A FLOOR|
    法律状态:
    2021-05-31| FG| Patent granted|Effective date: 20210420 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP19177226.8A|EP3744919A1|2019-05-29|2019-05-29|An improved pre-fabricated lightweight joist for constructing concrete floors|
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